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	<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">List of numeral systems</h1>
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_numbers" title="List of types of numbers">List of types of numbers</a></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1045330069">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Numeral_system" title="Numeral system">Numeral systems</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
<a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Arabic_numeral_system" title="Hindu–Arabic numeral system">Hindu–Arabic numeral system</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<div class="hlist hlist-separated">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_numerals" title="Arabic numerals">Western Arabic</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabic_numerals" title="Eastern Arabic numerals">Eastern Arabic</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_numerals" title="Bengali numerals">Bengali</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari_numerals" title="Devanagari numerals">Devanagari</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_numerals" title="Gujarati numerals">Gujarati</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi_numerals" title="Gurmukhi numerals">Gurmukhi</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Odia_numerals" title="Odia numerals">Odia</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_numerals" title="Sinhala numerals">Sinhala</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_numerals" title="Tamil numerals">Tamil</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_numerals" title="Malayalam numerals">Malayalam</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script#Numerals" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script#Numerals" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dzongkha_numerals" title="Dzongkha numerals">Dzongkha</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_numerals" title="Tibetan numerals">Tibetan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_numerals" title="Balinese numerals">Balinese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_numerals" title="Burmese numerals">Burmese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_numerals" title="Javanese numerals">Javanese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_numerals" title="Khmer numerals">Khmer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lao_script#Numerals" title="Lao script">Lao</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_numerals" title="Mongolian numerals">Mongolian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_numerals" title="Sundanese numerals">Sundanese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Thai_numerals" title="Thai numerals">Thai</a></li></ul>
</div></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
East Asian</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_numerals" title="Chinese numerals">Chinese</a>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_numerals" title="Suzhou numerals">Suzhou</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hokkien_numerals" title="Hokkien numerals">Hokkien</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_numerals" title="Japanese numerals">Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Korean_numerals" title="Korean numerals">Korean</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_numerals" title="Vietnamese numerals">Vietnamese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tangut_numerals" title="Tangut numerals">Tangut</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Counting_rods" title="Counting rods">Counting rods</a></i></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
American</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary#Numerals" title="Cherokee syllabary">Cherokee</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kaktovik_numerals" title="Kaktovik numerals">Kaktovik</a> (Iñupiaq)</li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
<a href="/wiki/Alphabetic_numeral_system" title="Alphabetic numeral system">Alphabetic</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Abjad</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_numerals" title="Armenian numerals">Armenian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80ryabha%E1%B9%ADa_numeration" title="Āryabhaṭa numeration">Āryabhaṭa</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_numerals" title="Cyrillic numerals">Cyrillic</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ge%CA%BDez_script#Numerals" title="Geʽez script">Geʽez</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_numerals" title="Georgian numerals">Georgian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Greek</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_numerals" title="Hebrew numerals">Hebrew</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
Former</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_numerals" title="Aegean numerals">Aegean</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Attic_numerals" title="Attic numerals">Attic</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_cuneiform_numerals" title="Babylonian cuneiform numerals">Babylonian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi_numerals" title="Brahmi numerals">Brahmi</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_numerals" title="Chuvash numerals">Chuvash</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_numerals" title="Cistercian numerals">Cistercian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_numerals" title="Egyptian numerals">Egyptian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_numerals" title="Etruscan numerals">Etruscan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_numerals" title="Glagolitic numerals">Glagolitic</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharosthi numerals">Kharosthi</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Maya_numerals" title="Maya numerals">Mayan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Muisca</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pentimal_system" title="Pentimal system">Pentimal</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_Numeral_Symbols" title="Rumi Numeral Symbols">Rumi</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_counting" title="Prehistoric counting">Prehistoric counting</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Tally_marks" title="Tally marks">Tally marks</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Quipu" title="Quipu">Quipu</a></i></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
<a href="/wiki/Positional_notation" title="Positional notation">Positional systems</a> by <a href="/wiki/Radix" title="Radix">base</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_number" title="Binary number">2</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ternary_numeral_system" title="Ternary numeral system">3</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Quaternary_numeral_system" title="Quaternary numeral system">4</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Quinary" title="Quinary">5</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Senary" title="Senary">6</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Octal" title="Octal">8</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Decimal" title="Decimal">10</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Duodecimal" title="Duodecimal">12</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal" title="Hexadecimal">16</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Vigesimal" title="Vigesimal">20</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sexagesimal" title="Sexagesimal">60</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:lavender;">
<a href="/wiki/Non-standard_positional_numeral_systems" title="Non-standard positional numeral systems">Non-standard positional numeral systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bijective_numeration" title="Bijective numeration">Bijective numeration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unary_numeral_system" title="Unary numeral system">1</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Signed-digit_representation" title="Signed-digit representation">Signed-digit representation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Balanced_ternary" title="Balanced ternary">balanced ternary</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_radix" title="Mixed radix">mixed</a> (<a href="/wiki/Factorial_number_system" title="Factorial number system">factorial</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Negative_base" title="Negative base">negative</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Complex-base_system" title="Complex-base system">Complex-base system</a> (<a href="/wiki/Quater-imaginary_base" title="Quater-imaginary base">2<i>i</i></a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Non-integer_base_of_numeration" title="Non-integer base of numeration">Non-integer base of numeration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Golden_ratio_base" title="Golden ratio base">φ</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_numeral_systems" title="Asymmetric numeral systems">Asymmetric numeral systems</a></li></ul></td>
</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">
<a class="mw-selflink selflink">List of numeral systems</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Numeral_systems" title="Template:Numeral systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Numeral_systems" title="Template talk:Numeral systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Numeral_systems&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>There are many different <a href="/wiki/Numeral_system" title="Numeral system">numeral systems</a>, that is, <a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">writing systems</a> for expressing <a href="/wiki/Numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbers">numbers</a>.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" dir="ltr" lang="en"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#By_culture_/_time_period"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">By culture / time period</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#By_type_of_notation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">By type of notation</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Standard_positional_numeral_systems"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Standard positional numeral systems</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Non-standard_positional_numeral_systems"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Non-standard positional numeral systems</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Bijective_numeration"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bijective numeration</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Signed-digit_representation"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Signed-digit representation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Negative_bases"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Negative bases</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Complex_bases"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Complex bases</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Non-integer_bases"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Non-integer bases</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="#n-adic_number"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.6</span> <span class="toctext"><i>n</i>-adic number</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#Mixed_radix"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.7</span> <span class="toctext">Mixed radix</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Other"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.8</span> <span class="toctext">Other</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Non-positional_notation"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Non-positional notation</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>

<h2><span id="By_culture_.2F_time_period"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="By_culture_/_time_period">By culture / time period</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: By culture / time period">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<table class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">

<thead><tr>
<th class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Name
</th>
<th data-sort-type="number" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Base
</th>
<th class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Sample
</th>
<th data-sort-type="number" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Approx. First Appearance
</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Proto-cuneiform_numerals" title="Proto-cuneiform numerals">Proto-cuneiform numerals</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Elamite_numerals&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Elamite numerals (page does not exist)">Proto-Elamite numerals</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sumerian_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumerian numerals">Sumerian numerals</a></td>
<td>10+60</td>
<td></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-3100&nbsp;!">3,100 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_numerals" title="Egyptian numerals">Egyptian numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Z1.png?4dc06" title="Z1" alt="Z1" height="16"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V20.png?e78cb" title="V20" alt="V20" height="13"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V1.png?25c3d" title="V1" alt="V1" height="20"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M12.png?2f65f" title="M12" alt="M12" height="38"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D50.png?c9db5" title="D50" alt="D50" height="38"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_I8.png?41a9e" title="I8" alt="I8" height="38"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_I7.png?d5b8f" title="I7" alt="I7" height="28"></td><td><img style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_C11.png?7c116" title="C11" alt="C11" height="38"></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-3000&nbsp;!">3,000 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elamite_numerals&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Elamite numerals (page does not exist)">Elamite numerals</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indus_numerals&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indus numerals (page does not exist)">Indus numerals</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian numerals">Babylonian numerals</a></td>
<td>10+60</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_1.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 1.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Babylonian_1.svg/15px-Babylonian_1.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Babylonian_1.svg/23px-Babylonian_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Babylonian_1.svg/30px-Babylonian_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_2.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 2.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Babylonian_2.svg/15px-Babylonian_2.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Babylonian_2.svg/23px-Babylonian_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Babylonian_2.svg/30px-Babylonian_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_3.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 3.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Babylonian_3.svg/15px-Babylonian_3.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Babylonian_3.svg/23px-Babylonian_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Babylonian_3.svg/30px-Babylonian_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_4.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 4.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Babylonian_4.svg/15px-Babylonian_4.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Babylonian_4.svg/23px-Babylonian_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Babylonian_4.svg/30px-Babylonian_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_5.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 5.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Babylonian_5.svg/15px-Babylonian_5.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Babylonian_5.svg/23px-Babylonian_5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Babylonian_5.svg/30px-Babylonian_5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_6.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 6.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Babylonian_6.svg/15px-Babylonian_6.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Babylonian_6.svg/23px-Babylonian_6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Babylonian_6.svg/30px-Babylonian_6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_7.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 7.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Babylonian_7.svg/15px-Babylonian_7.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Babylonian_7.svg/23px-Babylonian_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Babylonian_7.svg/30px-Babylonian_7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_8.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 8.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Babylonian_8.svg/15px-Babylonian_8.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Babylonian_8.svg/23px-Babylonian_8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Babylonian_8.svg/30px-Babylonian_8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_9.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 9.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Babylonian_9.svg/15px-Babylonian_9.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Babylonian_9.svg/23px-Babylonian_9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Babylonian_9.svg/30px-Babylonian_9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_10.svg" class="image"><img alt="Babylonian 10.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Babylonian_10.svg/15px-Babylonian_10.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Babylonian_10.svg/23px-Babylonian_10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Babylonian_10.svg/30px-Babylonian_10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="135" width="15" height="14"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-3100&nbsp;!">2,000 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_numerals" title="Chinese numerals">Chinese numerals</a><br><a href="/wiki/Japanese_numerals" title="Japanese numerals">Japanese numerals</a><br><a href="/wiki/Korean_numerals" title="Korean numerals">Korean numerals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sino-Korean_vocabulary" title="Sino-Korean vocabulary">Sino-Korean</a>)<br><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_numerals" title="Vietnamese numerals">Vietnamese numerals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_vocabulary" title="Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary">Sino-Vietnamese</a>)</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>
<p>零一二三四五六七八九十百千萬億 (Default, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Chinese">Traditional Chinese</a>)<br>
〇一二三四五六七八九十百千万亿 (Default, <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified Chinese">Simplified Chinese</a>)<br>
零壹貳參肆伍陸柒捌玖拾佰仟萬億 (Financial, T. Chinese)<br>
零壹贰叁肆伍陆柒捌玖拾佰仟萬億 (Financial, S. Chinese)<br>
</p>
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-1600&nbsp;!">1,600 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Aegean_numerals" title="Aegean numerals">Aegean numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>𐄇 𐄈 𐄉 𐄊 𐄋 𐄌 𐄍 𐄎 𐄏  &nbsp;( <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_1.svg" class="image" title="1"><img alt="1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aegean_numeral_1.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_1.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aegean_numeral_1.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aegean_numeral_1.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_2.svg" class="image" title="2"><img alt="2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Aegean_numeral_2.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_2.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Aegean_numeral_2.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Aegean_numeral_2.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_3.svg" class="image" title="3"><img alt="3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Aegean_numeral_3.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_3.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Aegean_numeral_3.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Aegean_numeral_3.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_4.svg" class="image" title="4"><img alt="4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Aegean_numeral_4.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_4.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Aegean_numeral_4.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Aegean_numeral_4.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_5.svg" class="image" title="5"><img alt="5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aegean_numeral_5.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_5.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aegean_numeral_5.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aegean_numeral_5.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_6.svg" class="image" title="6"><img alt="6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Aegean_numeral_6.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_6.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Aegean_numeral_6.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Aegean_numeral_6.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_7.svg" class="image" title="7"><img alt="7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_7.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_7.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_7.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_7.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_8.svg" class="image" title="8"><img alt="8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aegean_numeral_8.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_8.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aegean_numeral_8.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aegean_numeral_8.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_9.svg" class="image" title="9"><img alt="9" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Aegean_numeral_9.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_9.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Aegean_numeral_9.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Aegean_numeral_9.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> )<br> 𐄐 𐄑 𐄒 𐄓  𐄔 𐄕 𐄖 𐄗 𐄘 &nbsp;( <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_10.svg" class="image" title="10"><img alt="10" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_10.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_10.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_10.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aegean_numeral_10.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_20.svg" class="image" title="20"><img alt="20" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aegean_numeral_20.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_20.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aegean_numeral_20.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_20.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aegean_numeral_20.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_20.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_30.svg" class="image" title="30"><img alt="30" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aegean_numeral_30.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_30.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aegean_numeral_30.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_30.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aegean_numeral_30.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_30.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_40.svg" class="image" title="40"><img alt="40" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Aegean_numeral_40.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_40.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Aegean_numeral_40.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_40.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Aegean_numeral_40.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_40.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_50.svg" class="image" title="50"><img alt="50" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Aegean_numeral_50.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_50.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Aegean_numeral_50.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_50.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Aegean_numeral_50.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_50.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_60.svg" class="image" title="60"><img alt="60" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aegean_numeral_60.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_60.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aegean_numeral_60.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_60.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Aegean_numeral_60.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_60.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_70.svg" class="image" title="70"><img alt="70" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Aegean_numeral_70.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_70.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Aegean_numeral_70.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_70.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Aegean_numeral_70.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_70.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_80.svg" class="image" title="80"><img alt="80" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aegean_numeral_80.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_80.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aegean_numeral_80.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Aegean_numeral_80.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_80.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_90.svg" class="image" title="90"><img alt="90" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aegean_numeral_90.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_90.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aegean_numeral_90.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_90.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aegean_numeral_90.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_90.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> )<br>  𐄙 𐄚 𐄛 𐄜 𐄝 𐄞 𐄟 𐄠 𐄡 &nbsp;( <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_100.svg" class="image" title="100"><img alt="100" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aegean_numeral_100.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_100.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aegean_numeral_100.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_100.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aegean_numeral_100.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_100.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_200.svg" class="image" title="200"><img alt="200" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Aegean_numeral_200.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_200.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Aegean_numeral_200.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_200.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Aegean_numeral_200.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_200.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_300.svg" class="image" title="300"><img alt="300" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Aegean_numeral_300.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_300.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Aegean_numeral_300.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_300.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Aegean_numeral_300.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_300.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_400.svg" class="image" title="400"><img alt="400" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aegean_numeral_400.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_400.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aegean_numeral_400.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_400.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aegean_numeral_400.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_400.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_500.svg" class="image" title="500"><img alt="500" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Aegean_numeral_500.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_500.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Aegean_numeral_500.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_500.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Aegean_numeral_500.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_500.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_600.svg" class="image" title="600"><img alt="600" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_600.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_600.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_600.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_600.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_600.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_600.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_700.svg" class="image" title="700"><img alt="700" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aegean_numeral_700.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_700.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aegean_numeral_700.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_700.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aegean_numeral_700.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_700.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_800.svg" class="image" title="800"><img alt="800" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Aegean_numeral_800.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_800.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Aegean_numeral_800.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_800.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Aegean_numeral_800.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_800.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_900.svg" class="image" title="900"><img alt="900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Aegean_numeral_900.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_900.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Aegean_numeral_900.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_900.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Aegean_numeral_900.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_900.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> )<br> 𐄢 𐄣 𐄤 𐄥 𐄦 𐄧 𐄨 𐄩 𐄪 &nbsp;( <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_1000.svg" class="image" title="1000"><img alt="1000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Aegean_numeral_1000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_1000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Aegean_numeral_1000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_1000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Aegean_numeral_1000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_1000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_2000.svg" class="image" title="2000"><img alt="2000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Aegean_numeral_2000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_2000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Aegean_numeral_2000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_2000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Aegean_numeral_2000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_2000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_3000.svg" class="image" title="3000"><img alt="3000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Aegean_numeral_3000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_3000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Aegean_numeral_3000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_3000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Aegean_numeral_3000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_3000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_4000.svg" class="image" title="4000"><img alt="4000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Aegean_numeral_4000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_4000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Aegean_numeral_4000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_4000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Aegean_numeral_4000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_4000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_5000.svg" class="image" title="5000"><img alt="5000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_5000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_5000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_5000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_5000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Aegean_numeral_5000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_5000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_6000.svg" class="image" title="6000"><img alt="6000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Aegean_numeral_6000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_6000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Aegean_numeral_6000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_6000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Aegean_numeral_6000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_6000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_7000.svg" class="image" title="7000"><img alt="7000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Aegean_numeral_7000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_7000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Aegean_numeral_7000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_7000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Aegean_numeral_7000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_7000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_8000.svg" class="image" title="8000"><img alt="8000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Aegean_numeral_8000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_8000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Aegean_numeral_8000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_8000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Aegean_numeral_8000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_8000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_9000.svg" class="image" title="9000"><img alt="9000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Aegean_numeral_9000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_9000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Aegean_numeral_9000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_9000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Aegean_numeral_9000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_9000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> )<br> 𐄫 𐄬 𐄭 𐄮 𐄯 𐄰 𐄱 𐄲 𐄳 &nbsp;( <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_10000.svg" class="image" title="10000"><img alt="10000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Aegean_numeral_10000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_10000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Aegean_numeral_10000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_10000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Aegean_numeral_10000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_10000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_20000.svg" class="image" title="20000"><img alt="20000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Aegean_numeral_20000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_20000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Aegean_numeral_20000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_20000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Aegean_numeral_20000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_20000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_30000.svg" class="image" title="30000"><img alt="30000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Aegean_numeral_30000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_30000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Aegean_numeral_30000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_30000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Aegean_numeral_30000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_30000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_40000.svg" class="image" title="40000"><img alt="40000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aegean_numeral_40000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_40000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aegean_numeral_40000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_40000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aegean_numeral_40000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_40000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_50000.svg" class="image" title="50000"><img alt="50000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aegean_numeral_50000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_50000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aegean_numeral_50000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_50000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aegean_numeral_50000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_50000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_60000.svg" class="image" title="60000"><img alt="60000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aegean_numeral_60000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_60000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aegean_numeral_60000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_60000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Aegean_numeral_60000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_60000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_70000.svg" class="image" title="70000"><img alt="70000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Aegean_numeral_70000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_70000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Aegean_numeral_70000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_70000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Aegean_numeral_70000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_70000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_80000.svg" class="image" title="80000"><img alt="80000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aegean_numeral_80000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_80000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aegean_numeral_80000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_80000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aegean_numeral_80000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_80000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_numeral_90000.svg" class="image" title="90000"><img alt="90000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aegean_numeral_90000.svg/10px-Aegean_numeral_90000.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aegean_numeral_90000.svg/15px-Aegean_numeral_90000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Aegean_numeral_90000.svg/20px-Aegean_numeral_90000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="71" width="10" height="10"></a> )</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-1500&nbsp;!">1,500 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_numerals" title="Bengali numerals">Bengali numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>০ ১ ২ ৩ ৪ ৫ ৬ ৭ ৮ ৯</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-1400&nbsp;!">1,400 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a></td>
<td></td>
<td>I V X L C D M</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-1000&nbsp;!">1,000 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_numerals" title="Hebrew numerals">Hebrew numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט<br>י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ<br>ק ר ש ת ך ם ן ף ץ</span></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-800&nbsp;!">800 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Indian_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian numerals">Indian numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_numerals" title="Tamil numerals">Tamil</a>  ௧ ௨ ௩ ௪ ௫ ௬ ௭ ௮ ௯ ௰<br>
<p><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> ० १ २ ३ ४ ५ ६ ७ ८ ९<br>
<a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a> ༠ ༡ ༢ ༣ ༤ ༥ ༦ ༧ ༨ ༩
</p>
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-750&nbsp;!">750 – 690 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Greek numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>ō α β γ δ ε ϝ ζ η θ ι <br> ο Αʹ Βʹ Γʹ Δʹ Εʹ Ϛʹ Ζʹ Ηʹ Θʹ</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-400&nbsp;!">&lt;400 BCE</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet#Numerals" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>𐤙 𐤘 𐤗 𐤛𐤛𐤛 𐤛𐤛𐤚 𐤛𐤛𐤖 𐤛𐤛 𐤛𐤚 𐤛𐤖 𐤛 𐤚 𐤖  <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="-25&nbsp;!">&lt;250 BCE</span><sup id="cite_ref-Cajori_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cajori-2">[2]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Chinese <a href="/wiki/Rod_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Rod numerals">rod numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>𝍠 𝍡 𝍢 𝍣 𝍤 𝍥 𝍦 𝍧 𝍨 𝍩</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1&nbsp;!">1st Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ge%27ez_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge'ez numerals">Ge'ez numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>፩ ፪ ፫ ፬ ፭ ፮ ፯ ፰ ፱  <br> ፲ ፳ ፴ ፵ ፶ ፷ ፸ ፹ ፺ ፻</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="200&nbsp;!">3rd – 4th Century</span><br>15th Century (Modern Style)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_numerals" title="Armenian numerals">Armenian numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>Ա Բ Գ Դ Ե Զ Է Ը Թ Ժ</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="400&nbsp;!">Early 5th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Khmer_numerals" title="Khmer numerals">Khmer numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>០ ១ ២ ៣ ៤ ៥ ៦ ៧ ៨ ៩</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="600&nbsp;!">Early 7th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Thai_numerals" title="Thai numerals">Thai numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>๐ ๑ ๒ ๓ ๔ ๕ ๖ ๗ ๘ ๙</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="601&nbsp;!">7th Century</span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Abjad numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>غ ظ ض ذ خ ث ت ش ر ق ص ف ع س ن م ل ك ي ط ح ز و هـ د ج ب ا</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="699&nbsp;!">&lt;8th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabic_numerals" title="Eastern Arabic numerals">Eastern Arabic numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>٩ ٨ ٧ ٦ ٥ ٤ ٣ ٢ ١ ٠</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="701&nbsp;!">8th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_numerals" title="Vietnamese numerals">Vietnamese numerals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="Chữ Nôm">Chữ Nôm</a>)</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>𠬠 𠄩 	𠀧 𦊚 𠄼 𦒹 	𦉱 𠔭 𠃩</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="799&nbsp;!">&lt;9th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Western_Arabic_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Arabic numerals">Western Arabic numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="801&nbsp;!">9th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_numerals" title="Glagolitic numerals">Glagolitic numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>Ⰰ Ⰱ Ⰲ Ⰳ Ⰴ Ⰵ Ⰶ Ⰷ Ⰸ ...</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="800&nbsp;!">9th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_numerals" title="Cyrillic numerals">Cyrillic numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>а в г д е ѕ з и ѳ і ...</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="900&nbsp;!">10th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Rumi_Numeral_Symbols" title="Rumi Numeral Symbols">Rumi numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="900&nbsp;!">10th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_numerals" title="Burmese numerals">Burmese numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>၀ ၁ ၂ ၃ ၄ ၅ ၆ ၇ ၈ ၉</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1000&nbsp;!">11th Century</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Tangut_numerals" title="Tangut numerals">Tangut numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1065318431">.mw-parser-output .Tangut{font-family:"Tangut Yinchuan","Tangut N4694","New Tangut","New Tangut Std","Tangut TWU","TH-Tshyn-P1","TH-Feon-B","Noto Serif Tangut"}</style><span class="Tangut" style="display:inline-block; text-orientation: upright; -webkit-text-orientation: upright;" title="lew ny so lyr ngwy chhiw sha ar gy gha">𘈩 𗍫 𘕕 𗥃 𗏁 𗤁 𗒹 𘉋 𗢭 𗰗</span></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1036&nbsp;!">11th Century (1036)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_numerals" title="Cistercian numerals">Cistercian numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:Cistercian_numerals.png" class="image"><img alt="Cistercian numerals.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cistercian_numerals.png/160px-Cistercian_numerals.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cistercian_numerals.png/240px-Cistercian_numerals.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cistercian_numerals.png/320px-Cistercian_numerals.png 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="166" width="160" height="39"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1200&nbsp;!">13th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Maya_numerals" title="Maya numerals">Maya numerals</a></td>
<td>5+20</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:0_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="0 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/0_maia.svg/15px-0_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/0_maia.svg/23px-0_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/0_maia.svg/30px-0_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:1_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="1 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1_maia.svg/15px-1_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1_maia.svg/23px-1_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1_maia.svg/30px-1_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:2_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="2 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/2_maia.svg/15px-2_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/2_maia.svg/23px-2_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/2_maia.svg/30px-2_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:3_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="3 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/3_maia.svg/15px-3_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/3_maia.svg/23px-3_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/3_maia.svg/30px-3_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:4_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="4 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/4_maia.svg/15px-4_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/4_maia.svg/23px-4_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/4_maia.svg/30px-4_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:5_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="5 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/5_maia.svg/15px-5_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/5_maia.svg/23px-5_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/5_maia.svg/30px-5_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:6_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="6 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/6_maia.svg/15px-6_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/6_maia.svg/23px-6_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/6_maia.svg/30px-6_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:7_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="7 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/7_maia.svg/15px-7_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/7_maia.svg/23px-7_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/7_maia.svg/30px-7_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:8_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="8 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/8_maia.svg/15px-8_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/8_maia.svg/23px-8_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/8_maia.svg/30px-8_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:9_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="9 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/9_maia.svg/15px-9_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/9_maia.svg/23px-9_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/9_maia.svg/30px-9_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:10_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="10 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/10_maia.svg/15px-10_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/10_maia.svg/23px-10_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/10_maia.svg/30px-10_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:11_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="11 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/11_maia.svg/15px-11_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/11_maia.svg/23px-11_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/11_maia.svg/30px-11_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:12_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="12 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/12_maia.svg/15px-12_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/12_maia.svg/23px-12_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/12_maia.svg/30px-12_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:13_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="13 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/13_maia.svg/15px-13_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/13_maia.svg/23px-13_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/13_maia.svg/30px-13_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:14_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="14 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14_maia.svg/15px-14_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14_maia.svg/23px-14_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14_maia.svg/30px-14_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:15_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="15 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/15_maia.svg/15px-15_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/15_maia.svg/23px-15_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/15_maia.svg/30px-15_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:16_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="16 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/16_maia.svg/15px-16_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/16_maia.svg/23px-16_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/16_maia.svg/30px-16_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:17_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="17 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/17_maia.svg/15px-17_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/17_maia.svg/23px-17_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/17_maia.svg/30px-17_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:18_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="18 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/18_maia.svg/15px-18_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/18_maia.svg/23px-18_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/18_maia.svg/30px-18_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a> <a href="/wiki/File:19_maia.svg" class="image"><img alt="19 maia.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/19_maia.svg/15px-19_maia.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/19_maia.svg/23px-19_maia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/19_maia.svg/30px-19_maia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="40" width="15" height="12"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1400&nbsp;!">&lt;15th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Muisca numerals</a></td>
<td>20</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg" class="image"><img alt="Muisca cyphers acc acosta humboldt zerda.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg/300px-Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg/450px-Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg/600px-Muisca_cyphers_acc_acosta_humboldt_zerda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="389" width="300" height="120"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1400&nbsp;!">&lt;15th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Korean_numerals" title="Korean numerals">Korean numerals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a>)</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>하나  둘  셋  넷  다섯  여섯  일곱  여덟  아홉  열</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1443&nbsp;!">15th Century (1443)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Aztec_writing#Numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec writing">Aztec numerals</a></td>
<td>20</td>
<td></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1500&nbsp;!">16th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_numerals" title="Sinhala numerals">Sinhala numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td>෦ ෧ ෨ ෩ ෪ ෫ ෬ ෭ ෮ ෯ 𑇡 𑇢 𑇣<br>𑇤 𑇥 𑇦 𑇧 𑇨 𑇩 𑇪 𑇫 𑇬 𑇭 𑇮 𑇯  𑇰 𑇱 𑇲 𑇳 𑇴</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1699&nbsp;!">&lt;18th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Pentimal_system" title="Pentimal system">Pentimal runes</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg" class="image"><img alt="Pentimal Runes 1 through 10.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg/150px-Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg/225px-Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg/300px-Pentimal_Runes_1_through_10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="41" width="150" height="17"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1800&nbsp;!">19th Century</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary#Numerals" title="Cherokee syllabary">Cherokee numerals</a></td>
<td>10</td>
<td></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1820&nbsp;!">19th Century (1820s)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kaktovik_Inupiaq_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaktovik Inupiaq numerals">Kaktovik Inupiaq numerals</a></td>
<td>5+20</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/File:Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg" class="image"><img alt="Kaktovik Inupiaq Numerals.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg/394px-Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg.png" decoding="async" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg/591px-Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg/788px-Kaktovik_Inupiaq_Numerals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1746" data-file-height="103" width="394" height="23"></a></td>
<td><span data-sort-value="1900&nbsp;!">20th Century (1994)</span>
</td></tr></tbody><tfoot></tfoot></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="By_type_of_notation">By type of notation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: By type of notation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Numeral systems are classified here as to whether they use <a href="/wiki/Positional_notation" title="Positional notation">positional notation</a> (also known as place-value notation), and further categorized by <a href="/wiki/Radix" title="Radix">radix</a> or base.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Standard_positional_numeral_systems">Standard positional numeral systems</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Standard positional numeral systems">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Binary_clock.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Binary_clock.svg/220px-Binary_clock.svg.png" decoding="async" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Binary_clock.svg/330px-Binary_clock.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Binary_clock.svg/440px-Binary_clock.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="395" width="220" height="161"></a>  <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Binary_clock.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>A <a href="/wiki/Binary_clock" title="Binary clock">binary clock</a> might use <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LEDs</a> to express binary values. In this clock, each column of LEDs shows a <a href="/wiki/Binary-coded_decimal" title="Binary-coded decimal">binary-coded decimal</a> numeral of the traditional <a href="/wiki/Sexagesimal" title="Sexagesimal">sexagesimal</a> time.</div></div></div>
<p>The common names are derived <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal#Etymology" title="Hexadecimal">somewhat arbitrarily</a> from a mix of <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, in some cases including roots from both languages within a single name.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> There have been some proposals for standardisation.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Binary_number" title="Binary number">Binary</a></td>
<td>Digital <a href="/wiki/Computing" title="Computing">computing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_units" title="Imperial units">imperial</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_customary_units" title="United States customary units">customary</a> volume (<a href="/wiki/Bushel" title="Bushel">bushel</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kenning_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenning (unit)">kenning</a>-<a href="/wiki/Peck" title="Peck">peck</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gallon" title="Gallon">gallon</a>-pottle-<a href="/wiki/Quart" title="Quart">quart</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pint" title="Pint">pint</a>-<a href="/wiki/Cup_(unit)" title="Cup (unit)">cup</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gill_(volume)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gill (volume)">gill</a>-jack-<a href="/wiki/Fluid_ounce" title="Fluid ounce">fluid ounce</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tablespoon" title="Tablespoon">tablespoon</a>)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ternary_numeral_system" title="Ternary numeral system">Ternary</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cantor_set" title="Cantor set">Cantor set</a> (all points in [0,1] that <i>can</i> be represented in ternary with no 1s); counting <a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">Tasbih</a> in <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>; hand-foot-yard and teaspoon-tablespoon-shot measurement systems; most <i><a href="/wiki/Radix_economy" title="Radix economy">economical</a></i> integer base
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Quaternary_numeral_system" title="Quaternary numeral system">Quaternary</a></td>
<td>Data transmission, <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> bases and <a href="/wiki/Hilbert_curve" title="Hilbert curve">Hilbert curves</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chumashan_languages" title="Chumashan languages">Chumashan languages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kharosthi#Numerals" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi numerals</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Quinary" title="Quinary">Quinary</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Gumatj_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumatj language">Gumatj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ateso_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ateso language">Ateso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuurn_Kopan_Noot_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuurn Kopan Noot language">Kuurn Kopan Noot</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saraveca_language" title="Saraveca language">Saraveca</a> languages; common count grouping e.g. <a href="/wiki/Tally_marks" title="Tally marks">tally marks</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Senary" title="Senary">Senary</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Diceware" title="Diceware">Diceware</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ndom_language" title="Ndom language">Ndom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanum_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanum language">Kanum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Proto-Uralic_language" title="Proto-Uralic language">Proto-Uralic language</a> (suspected)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Septenary" class="mw-redirect" title="Septenary">Septenary</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Week" title="Week">Weeks</a> timekeeping, Western music <a href="/wiki/Letter_notation" title="Letter notation">letter notation</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Octal" title="Octal">Octal</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Charles_XII_of_Sweden#Scientific_contributions" title="Charles XII of Sweden">Charles XII of Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filesystem_permissions#Octal_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Filesystem permissions">Unix-like permissions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transponder_(aeronautics)" title="Transponder (aeronautics)">Squawk codes</a>, <a href="/wiki/PDP-11_architecture#Memory_management" title="PDP-11 architecture">DEC PDP-11</a>, compact notation for binary numbers, Xiantian (<a href="/wiki/I_Ching" title="I Ching">I Ching</a>, China)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Nonary" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonary">Nonary</a></td>
<td>Base9 encoding; compact notation for <a href="/wiki/Ternary_numeral_system" title="Ternary numeral system">ternary</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Decimal" title="Decimal">Decimal</a> (also known as denary)</td>
<td>Most widely used by modern civilizations<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Undecimal_number_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Undecimal number system">Undecimal</a></td>
<td>A base-11 number system was attributed to the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>) in the 19th century<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Pangwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangwa">Pangwa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>) in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-THOMAS_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THOMAS-12">[12]</a></sup> Briefly proposed during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> to settle a dispute between those proposing a shift to duodecimal and those who were content with decimal. Used as a <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number#Check_digits" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">check digit in ISBN</a> for 10-digit ISBNs.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Duodecimal" title="Duodecimal">Duodecimal</a></td>
<td>Languages in the <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigerian</a> Middle Belt <a href="/wiki/Janji_language" title="Janji language">Janji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gbiri-Niragu_language" title="Gbiri-Niragu language">Gbiri-Niragu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piti_language" title="Piti language">Piti</a>, and the Nimbia dialect of <a href="/wiki/Gwandara_language" title="Gwandara language">Gwandara</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chepang_language" title="Chepang language">Chepang language</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, and the Mahl dialect of <a href="/wiki/Maldivian_language" title="Maldivian language">Maldivian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dozen" title="Dozen">dozen</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gross_(unit)" title="Gross (unit)">gross</a>-great gross counting; <a href="/wiki/12-hour_clock" title="12-hour clock">12-hour clock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Month" title="Month">months</a> timekeeping; years of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_zodiac" title="Chinese zodiac">Chinese zodiac</a>; <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">foot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">inch</a>; <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals#Fractions" title="Roman numerals">Roman fractions</a>; <a href="/wiki/Penny" title="Penny">penny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shilling</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>13</td>
<td>Tridecimal</td>
<td>Base13 encoding; <a href="/wiki/Conway_base_13_function" title="Conway base 13 function">Conway base 13 function</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>14</td>
<td>Tetradecimal</td>
<td>Programming for the <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">HP</a> 9100A/B calculator<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> and image processing applications;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">pound</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stone_(mass)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone (mass)">stone</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>15</td>
<td>Pentadecimal</td>
<td>Telephony routing over IP, and the <a href="/wiki/Huli_language" title="Huli language">Huli language</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>16</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal" title="Hexadecimal">Hexadecimal</a>
<p>(also known as sexadecimal)
</p>
</td>
<td>Base16 encoding; compact notation for <a href="/wiki/Binary_data" title="Binary data">binary data</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tonal_system" title="Tonal system">tonal system</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">ounce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">pound</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>17</td>
<td>Heptadecimal</td>
<td>Base17 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>18</td>
<td>Octodecimal</td>
<td>Base18 encoding; a base such that 7<sup>n</sup> is <a href="/wiki/Palindromic_number" title="Palindromic number">palindromic</a> for n = 3, 4, 6, 9.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>19</td>
<td>Enneadecimal</td>
<td>Base19 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>20</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Vigesimal" title="Vigesimal">Vigesimal</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yan_Tan_Tethera" class="mw-redirect" title="Yan Tan Tethera">Celtic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maya_numerals" title="Maya numerals">Maya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Muisca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inuit_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Inuit numerals">Inuit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_numerals" title="Yoruba numerals">Yoruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tlingit_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tlingit people">Tlingit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha_numerals" title="Dzongkha numerals">Dzongkha</a> numerals; <a href="/wiki/Santali_language" title="Santali language">Santali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu</a> languages; <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shilling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pound_(currency)" title="Pound (currency)">pound</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>21</td>
<td>Unvigesimal</td>
<td>Base21 encoding; also the smallest base where all of <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1050945101">.mw-parser-output .sfrac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .sfrac.tion,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .tion{display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.5em;font-size:85%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .num,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{border-top:1px solid}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2</span></span> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">18</span></span> have <a href="/wiki/Repeating_decimal" title="Repeating decimal">periods</a> of 4 or shorter.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>22</td>
<td>Duovigesimal</td>
<td>Base22 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>23</td>
<td>Trivigesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kalam_language" title="Kalam language">Kalam language</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kobon_language" title="Kobon language">Kobon language</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="No mention in linked articles, and I only found a few loose mentions; please check if base 23 was actually used in these languages. (September 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>24</td>
<td>Tetravigesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/24-hour_clock" title="24-hour clock">24-hour clock</a> timekeeping; <a href="/wiki/Kaugel_language" title="Kaugel language">Kaugel language</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>25</td>
<td>Pentavigesimal</td>
<td>Compact notation for quinary.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>26</td>
<td>Hexavigesimal</td>
<td>Base26 encoding; sometimes used for encryption or ciphering,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> using all letters in the <a href="/wiki/English_alphabet" title="English alphabet">English alphabet</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>27</td>
<td>Heptavigesimal Septemvigesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Telefol_language" title="Telefol language">Telefol</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Oksapmin_language" title="Oksapmin language">Oksapmin</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> languages. Mapping the nonzero digits to the alphabet and zero to the space is occasionally used to provide <a href="/wiki/Checksum" title="Checksum">checksums</a> for alphabetic data such as personal names,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> to provide a concise encoding of alphabetic strings,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> or as the basis for a form of <a href="/wiki/Gematria" title="Gematria">gematria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> Compact notation for <a href="/wiki/Ternary_numeral_system" title="Ternary numeral system">ternary</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>28</td>
<td>Octovigesimal</td>
<td>Base28 encoding; months timekeeping.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>29</td>
<td>Enneavigesimal</td>
<td>Base29 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>30</td>
<td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trigesimal_(Base-30)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Trigesimal (Base-30) (page does not exist)">Trigesimal</a></td>
<td>The <a href="/wiki/Natural_Area_Code" title="Natural Area Code">Natural Area Code</a>, this is the smallest base such that all of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2</span></span> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">6</span></span> terminate, a number n is a <a href="/wiki/Regular_number" title="Regular number">regular number</a> if and only if <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">n</span></span> terminates in base 30.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>31</td>
<td>Untrigesimal</td>
<td>Base31 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>32</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base32" title="Base32">Duotrigesimal</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base32" title="Base32">Base32</a> encoding; the <a href="/wiki/Ngiti_language" title="Ngiti language">Ngiti language</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>33</td>
<td>Tritrigesimal</td>
<td>Use of letters (except I, O, Q) with digits in <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Hong_Kong" title="Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong">vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>34</td>
<td>Tetratrigesimal</td>
<td>Using all numbers and all letters except I and O; the smallest base where <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2</span></span> terminates and all of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2</span></span> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">18</span></span> have periods of 4 or shorter.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<td>Pentatrigesimal</td>
<td>Using all numbers and all letters except O.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>36</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hexatrigesimal" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexatrigesimal">Hexatrigesimal</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base36" title="Base36">Base36</a> encoding; use of letters with digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>37</td>
<td>Heptatrigesimal</td>
<td>Base37 encoding; using all numbers and all letters of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish alphabet">Spanish alphabet</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>38</td>
<td>Octotrigesimal</td>
<td>Base38 encoding; use all <a href="/wiki/Duodecimal" title="Duodecimal">duodecimal</a> digits and all letters.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>39</td>
<td>Enneatrigesimal</td>
<td>Base39 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>40</td>
<td>Quadragesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/DEC_RADIX_50" title="DEC RADIX 50">DEC RADIX 50</a>/<a href="/wiki/DEC_MOD40" class="mw-redirect" title="DEC MOD40">MOD40</a> encoding used to compactly represent file names and other symbols on <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a> computers. The character set is a subset of ASCII consisting of space, upper case letters, the punctuation marks "$", ".", and "%", and the numerals.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>42</td>
<td>Duoquadragesimal</td>
<td>Base42 encoding; largest base for which all <a href="/wiki/Minimal_prime_(recreational_mathematics)" title="Minimal prime (recreational mathematics)">minimal primes</a> are known.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>45</td>
<td>Pentaquadragesimal</td>
<td>Base45 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>47</td>
<td>Septaquadragesimal</td>
<td>Smallest base for which no <a href="/wiki/Generalized_Wieferich_prime" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalized Wieferich prime">generalized Wieferich primes</a> are known.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>48</td>
<td>Octoquadragesimal</td>
<td>Base48 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>49</td>
<td>Enneaquadragesimal</td>
<td>Compact notation for septenary.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>50</td>
<td>Quinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base50 encoding; <a href="/wiki/SQUOZE" title="SQUOZE">SQUOZE</a> encoding used to compactly represent file names and other symbols on some <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> computers. Encoding using all Gurmukhi characters plus the Gurmukhi digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>52</td>
<td>Duoquinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base52 encoding, a variant of Base62 without vowels except Y and y<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> or a variant of Base26 using all lower and upper case letters.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>54</td>
<td>Tetraquinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base54 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>56</td>
<td>Hexaquinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base56 encoding, a variant of Base58.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>57</td>
<td>Heptaquinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base57 encoding, a variant of Base62 excluding I, O, l, U, and u<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> or I, 1, l, 0, and O.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>58</td>
<td>Octoquinquagesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base58" class="mw-redirect" title="Base58">Base58</a> encoding, a variant of Base62 excluding  0 (zero), I (capital i), O (capital o) and l (lower case L).<sup id="cite_ref-base58_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-base58-26">[26]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>60</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sexagesimal" title="Sexagesimal">Sexagesimal</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian numerals">Babylonian numerals</a>; NewBase60 encoding, similar to Base62, excluding I, O, and l, but including _(underscore);<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Degree_(angle)" title="Degree (angle)">degrees</a>-<a href="/wiki/Minute_and_second_of_arc" title="Minute and second of arc">minutes-seconds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hour" title="Hour">hours</a>-<a href="/wiki/Minute" title="Minute">minutes</a>-<a href="/wiki/Second" title="Second">seconds</a> measurement systems; <a href="/wiki/Ekari_language" title="Ekari language">Ekari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumerian_language" title="Sumerian language">Sumerian languages</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>62</td>
<td>Duosexagesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base62" title="Base62">Base62</a> encoding, using 0–9, A–Z, and a–z.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>64</td>
<td>Tetrasexagesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Base64" title="Base64">Base64</a> encoding; <a href="/wiki/I_Ching" title="I Ching">I Ching</a> in China.<br>This system is conveniently coded into <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> by using the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet in both upper and lower case (52 total) plus 10 numerals (62 total) and then adding two special characters (+ and /).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>72</td>
<td>Duoseptuagesimal</td>
<td>Base72 encoding; the smallest base &gt;2 such that no three-digit <a href="/wiki/Narcissistic_number" title="Narcissistic number">narcissistic number</a> exists.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>80</td>
<td>Octogesimal</td>
<td>Base80 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>81</td>
<td>Unoctogesimal</td>
<td>Base81 encoding, using as 81=3<sup>4</sup> is related to ternary.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>85</td>
<td>Pentoctogesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ascii85" title="Ascii85">Ascii85</a> encoding. This is the minimum number of characters needed to encode a 32 bit number into 5 printable characters in a process similar to MIME-64 encoding, since 85<sup>5</sup> is only slightly bigger than 2<sup>32</sup>. Such method is 6.7% more efficient than MIME-64 which encodes a 24 bit number into 4 printable characters.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>89</td>
<td>Enneaoctogesimal</td>
<td>Largest base for which all <a href="/wiki/Left-truncatable_prime" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-truncatable prime">left-truncatable primes</a> are known.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>90</td>
<td>Nonagesimal</td>
<td>Related to <a href="/wiki/Goormaghtigh_conjecture" title="Goormaghtigh conjecture">Goormaghtigh conjecture</a> for the generalized <a href="/wiki/Repunit" title="Repunit">repunit</a> numbers (111 in base 90 = 1111111111111 in base 2).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>91</td>
<td>Unnonagesimal</td>
<td>Base91 encoding, using all <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> except "-" (0x2D), "\" (0x5C), and "'" (0x27); one variant uses "\" (0x5C) in place of """ (0x22).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>92</td>
<td>Duononagesimal</td>
<td>Base92 encoding, using all of ASCII except for "`" (0x60) and """ (0x22) due to confusability.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>93</td>
<td>Trinonagesimal</td>
<td>Base93 encoding, using all of ASCII printable characters except for "," (0x27) and "-" (0x3D) as well as the Space character. "," is reserved for delimiter and "-" is reserved for negation.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>94</td>
<td>Tetranonagesimal</td>
<td>Base94 encoding, using all of ASCII printable characters.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>95</td>
<td>Pentanonagesimal</td>
<td>Base95 encoding, a variant of Base94 with the addition of the Space character.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>96</td>
<td>Hexanonagesimal</td>
<td>Base96 encoding, using all of ASCII printable characters as well as the two extra duodecimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>97</td>
<td>Septanonagesimal</td>
<td>Smallest base which is not perfect odd power (where generalized Wagstaff numbers can be factored algebraically) for which no generalized <a href="/wiki/Wagstaff_prime" title="Wagstaff prime">Wagstaff primes</a> are known.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>100</td>
<td>Centesimal</td>
<td>As 100=10<sup>2</sup>, these are two decimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>120</td>
<td>Centevigesimal</td>
<td>Base120 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>121</td>
<td>Centeunvigesimal</td>
<td>Related to base 11.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>125</td>
<td>Centepentavigesimal</td>
<td>Related to base 5.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>128</td>
<td>Centeoctovigesimal</td>
<td>Using as 128=2<sup>7</sup>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>144</td>
<td>Centetetraquadragesimal</td>
<td>Two duodecimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>169</td>
<td>Centenovemsexagesimal</td>
<td>Two Tridecimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>185</td>
<td>Centepentoctogesimal</td>
<td>Smallest base which is not <a href="/wiki/Perfect_power" title="Perfect power">perfect power</a> (where generalized repunits can be factored algebraically) for which no generalized <a href="/wiki/Repunit_prime" class="mw-redirect" title="Repunit prime">repunit primes</a> are known.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>196</td>
<td>Centehexanonagesimal</td>
<td>Two tetradecimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>200</td>
<td>Duocentesimal</td>
<td>Base200 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>210</td>
<td>Duocentedecimal</td>
<td>Smallest base such that all of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2</span></span> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1050945101"><span role="math" class="sfrac tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">10</span></span> terminate.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>216</td>
<td>Duocentehexidecimal</td>
<td>related to base 6.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>225</td>
<td>Duocentepentavigesimal</td>
<td>Two pentadecimal digits.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>256</td>
<td>Duocentehexaquinquagesimal</td>
<td>Base256 encoding, as 256=2<sup>8</sup>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>300</td>
<td>Trecentesimal</td>
<td>Base300 encoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>360</td>
<td>Trecentosexagesimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Degree_(angle)" title="Degree (angle)">Degrees</a> for <a href="/wiki/Angle" title="Angle">angle</a>.
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Non-standard_positional_numeral_systems"><a href="/wiki/Non-standard_positional_numeral_systems" title="Non-standard positional numeral systems">Non-standard positional numeral systems</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Non-standard positional numeral systems">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Bijective_numeration"><a href="/wiki/Bijective_numeration" title="Bijective numeration">Bijective numeration</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Bijective numeration">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Unary_numeral_system" title="Unary numeral system">Unary<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></a>(Bijective<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span>base‑1)</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Tally_mark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tally mark">Tally marks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counting" title="Counting">Counting</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bijective_numeration#The_bijective_base-10_system" title="Bijective numeration">Bijective base-10</a></td>
<td>To avoid <a href="/wiki/Zero" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero">zero</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>26</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bijective_numeration#The_bijective_base-26_system" title="Bijective numeration">Bijective base-26</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Spreadsheet" title="Spreadsheet">Spreadsheet</a> column <a href="/wiki/Numeration" class="mw-redirect" title="Numeration">numeration</a>. Also used by <a href="/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Forbes Nash, Jr.">John Nash</a> as part of his obsession with <a href="/wiki/Numerology" title="Numerology">numerology</a> and the uncovering of "hidden" messages.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Signed-digit_representation"><a href="/wiki/Signed-digit_representation" title="Signed-digit representation">Signed-digit representation</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Signed-digit representation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Balanced binary (<a href="/wiki/Non-adjacent_form" title="Non-adjacent form">Non-adjacent form</a>)</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Balanced_ternary" title="Balanced ternary">Balanced ternary</a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ternary_computer" title="Ternary computer">Ternary computers</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Balanced quaternary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Balanced quinary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Balanced senary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>Balanced septenary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>Balanced octal</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>Balanced nonary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td>Balanced decimal</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/John_Colson" title="John Colson">John Colson</a><br><a href="/wiki/Augustin_Cauchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustin Cauchy">Augustin Cauchy</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td>Balanced undecimal</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>Balanced duodecimal</td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Negative_bases"><a href="/wiki/Negative_bases" class="mw-redirect" title="Negative bases">Negative bases</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Negative bases">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<p>The common names of the negative base numeral systems are formed using the prefix <i>nega-</i>, giving names such as:
</p>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>−2</td>
<td>Negabinary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−3</td>
<td>Negaternary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−4</td>
<td>Negaquaternary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−5</td>
<td>Negaquinary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−6</td>
<td>Negasenary</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−8</td>
<td>Negaoctal</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−10</td>
<td>Negadecimal</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−12</td>
<td>Negaduodecimal</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−16</td>
<td>Negahexadecimal</td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Complex_bases"><a href="/wiki/Complex-base_system" title="Complex-base system">Complex bases</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Complex bases">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2<i>i</i></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Quater-imaginary_base" title="Quater-imaginary base">Quater-imaginary base</a></td>
<td>related to base −4 and base 16
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
        <mi>i</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f237b226552507e3fc486c566ce08075a78666" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.901ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
        <mi>i</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f237b226552507e3fc486c566ce08075a78666" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.901ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}i}"></span></td>
<td>related to base −2 and base 4
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
        <mi>i</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d6023f349026d507363fabd0c63d4c52506ef7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.901ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
        <mi>i</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d6023f349026d507363fabd0c63d4c52506ef7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.901ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}i}"></span></td>
<td>related to base 2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2\omega }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2\omega }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fd713c0f268229c4d960abe6b57f9205e4725cf1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.608ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2\omega }"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2\omega }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2\omega }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fd713c0f268229c4d960abe6b57f9205e4725cf1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.608ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2\omega }"></span></td>
<td>related to base 8
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
        <mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1086db6069ef7e4baab012e6d085569a0cfefe91" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.544ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
        <mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1086db6069ef7e4baab012e6d085569a0cfefe91" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.544ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}\omega }"></span></td>
<td>related to base 2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>−1 ± <i>i</i></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Twindragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Twindragon">Twindragon</a> base</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Twindragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Twindragon">Twindragon</a> fractal shape, related to base −4 and base 16
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>1 ± <i>i</i></td>
<td>Nega-Twindragon base</td>
<td>related to base −4 and base 16
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Non-integer_bases"><a href="/wiki/Non-integer_representation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-integer representation">Non-integer bases</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Non-integer bases">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>3</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff4d39a9f7beda4ddbeffafaca691c386d3142cc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\frac {3}{2}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>3</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff4d39a9f7beda4ddbeffafaca691c386d3142cc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\frac {3}{2}}"></span></td>
<td>a rational non-integer base
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>4</mn>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a9d5c72eb032bcdc52a8dc61c9a2b5da7fb49a99" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\frac {4}{3}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>4</mn>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a9d5c72eb032bcdc52a8dc61c9a2b5da7fb49a99" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\frac {4}{3}}"></span></td>
<td>related to duodecimal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {5}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>5</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {5}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4039b80b9a1494daa03a72cb69edf66cf0a41044" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="\frac{5}{2}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {5}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>5</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {5}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4039b80b9a1494daa03a72cb69edf66cf0a41044" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:1.999ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="\frac{5}{2}"></span></td>
<td>related to decimal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Square_root_of_2" title="Square root of 2"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4afc1e27d418021bf10898eb44a7f5f315735ff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt {2}}"></span></a></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4afc1e27d418021bf10898eb44a7f5f315735ff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt {2}}"></span></td>
<td>related to base 2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3b19c09494138b5082459afac7f9a8d99c546fcd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\sqrt {3}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3b19c09494138b5082459afac7f9a8d99c546fcd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\sqrt {3}}"></span></td>
<td>related to base 3
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9ca071ab504481c2bb76081aacb03f5519930710" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{3}]{2}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>3</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{3}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9ca071ab504481c2bb76081aacb03f5519930710" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{3}]{2}}"></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9aa163183b2c3828db27e22253d454a643a4c936" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{4}]{2}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>4</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{4}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9aa163183b2c3828db27e22253d454a643a4c936" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.098ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{4}]{2}}"></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_root_of_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelfth root of 2"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>12</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bc835f27425fb3140e1f75a5faa35b1e8b9efc35" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.107ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{12}]{2}}"></span></a></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mroot>
            <mn>2</mn>
            <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
              <mn>12</mn>
            </mrow>
          </mroot>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bc835f27425fb3140e1f75a5faa35b1e8b9efc35" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.107ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\sqrt[{12}]{2}}"></span></td>
<td>usage in <a href="/wiki/12_equal_temperament" title="12 equal temperament">12-tone equal temperament</a> musical system
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c7e70f0d473d5c0f14cd3c10c139f51295788fb5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="2{\sqrt {2}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c7e70f0d473d5c0f14cd3c10c139f51295788fb5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="2{\sqrt {2}}"></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>3</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d5de181b9e00b86a6f2f47ff3de46d43d6a13a91" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:3.807ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <mfrac>
            <mn>3</mn>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </mfrac>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d5de181b9e00b86a6f2f47ff3de46d43d6a13a91" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:3.807ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle -{\frac {3}{2}}}"></span></td>
<td>a negative rational non-integer base
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle -{\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle -{\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f922458d7d412e30c23d59dfdd457803b867508" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.906ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="-{\sqrt {2}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle -{\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle -{\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f922458d7d412e30c23d59dfdd457803b867508" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.906ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="-{\sqrt {2}}"></span></td>
<td>a negative non-integer base, related to base 2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {10}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>10</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {10}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd7409b0ddbc1f90280265e7bc95dd20626ebf1b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\sqrt {10}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {10}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>10</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {10}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd7409b0ddbc1f90280265e7bc95dd20626ebf1b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\sqrt {10}}"></span></td>
<td>related to decimal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2cdf91246d2cd0e905a1aaf5b4b85cfc5a5879cd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>3</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2cdf91246d2cd0e905a1aaf5b4b85cfc5a5879cd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.261ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2{\sqrt {3}}}"></span></td>
<td>related to duodecimal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Golden_ratio" title="Golden ratio"><i>φ</i></a></td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Golden_ratio_base" title="Golden ratio base">Golden ratio base</a></td>
<td>Early <a href="/wiki/Beta_encoder" title="Beta encoder">Beta encoder</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Plastic_number" title="Plastic number"><i>ρ</i></a></td>
<td>Plastic number base</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Supergolden_ratio" title="Supergolden ratio"><i>ψ</i></a></td>
<td>Supergolden ratio base</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Silver_ratio" title="Silver ratio"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1+{\sqrt {2}}}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mn>1</mn>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
          <msqrt>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msqrt>
        </mrow>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1+{\sqrt {2}}}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d6647fc0b70302f56dbc87eaf718dc3832ba161" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:7.101ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="1+\sqrt{2}"></span></a></td>
<td>Silver ratio base</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/E_(mathematical_constant)" title="E (mathematical constant)"><i>e</i></a></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mi>e</mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cd253103f0876afc68ebead27a5aa9867d927467" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.083ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="e"></span></td>
<td>Lowest <a href="/wiki/Radix_economy" title="Radix economy">radix economy</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Pi" title="Pi"><i>π</i></a></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \pi }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mi>π<!-- π --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \pi }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9be4ba0bb8df3af72e90a0535fabcc17431e540a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.332ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="\pi "></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/E_(mathematical_constant)" title="E (mathematical constant)">e</a></span><a href="/wiki/Pi" title="Pi"><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">π</span></a></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e\pi }">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <mi>e</mi>
        <mi>π<!-- π --></mi>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e\pi }</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/634a2acc7c8bc95cf41831ce6d74b34d3249ff46" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.415ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle e\pi }"></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e^{\pi }}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <msup>
          <mi>e</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mi>π<!-- π --></mi>
          </mrow>
        </msup>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e^{\pi }}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/eefb10ad1f3612be16a802dd913a9edfb5b9d823" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.258ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="e^{\pi }"></span></td>
<td>Base <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle e^{\pi }}">
  <semantics>
    <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
      <mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true">
        <msup>
          <mi>e</mi>
          <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
            <mi>π<!-- π --></mi>
          </mrow>
        </msup>
      </mstyle>
    </mrow>
    <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle e^{\pi }}</annotation>
  </semantics>
</math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/eefb10ad1f3612be16a802dd913a9edfb5b9d823" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.258ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="e^{\pi }"></span></td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="n-adic_number"><a href="/wiki/P-adic_number" title="P-adic number"><i>n</i>-adic number</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: n-adic number">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<table class="wikitable">

<tbody><tr>
<th>Base</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Usage
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>Dyadic number</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Triadic number</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Tetradic number</td>
<td>the same as dyadic number
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Pentadic number</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Hexadic number</td>
<td>not a <a href="/wiki/Field_(mathematics)" title="Field (mathematics)">field</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>Heptadic number</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>Octadic number</td>
<td>the same as dyadic number
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>Enneadic number</td>
<td>the same as triadic number
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td>Decadic number</td>
<td>not a field
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td>Hendecadic number</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>Dodecadic number</td>
<td>not a field
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Mixed_radix"><a href="/wiki/Mixed_radix" title="Mixed radix">Mixed radix</a></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Mixed radix">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Factorial_number_system" title="Factorial number system">Factorial number system</a> {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...}</li>
<li>Even double factorial number system {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ...}</li>
<li>Odd double factorial number system {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, ...}</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_radix#Primorial_number_system" title="Mixed radix">Primorial number system</a> {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, ...}</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fibonorial" title="Fibonorial">Fibonorial</a> number system {1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ...}</li>
<li>{60, 60, 24, 7} in timekeeping</li>
<li>{60, 60, 24, 30 (or 31 or 28 or 29), 12, 10, 10, 10} in timekeeping</li>
<li>(12, 20) traditional English monetary system (£sd)</li>
<li>(20, 18, 13) Maya timekeeping</li></ul>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Other">Other</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quote_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Quote notation">Quote notation</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Redundant_binary_representation" title="Redundant binary representation">Redundant binary representation</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Goodstein%27s_theorem#Hereditary_base-n_notation" title="Goodstein's theorem">Hereditary base-n notation</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_numeral_systems" title="Asymmetric numeral systems">Asymmetric numeral systems</a> optimized for non-uniform probability distribution of symbols</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Combinatorial_number_system" title="Combinatorial number system">Combinatorial number system</a></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Non-positional_notation">Non-positional notation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Non-positional notation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>All known numeral systems developed before the <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_numerals" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian numerals">Babylonian numerals</a> are non-positional,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup> as are many developed later, such as the <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a>.  The French Cistercian monks created <a href="/wiki/Cistercian_numerals" title="Cistercian numerals">their own numeral system.</a>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 40em;">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbers_in_various_languages" title="List of numbers in various languages">List of numbers in various languages</a> (cardinal number names)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numeral_system_topics" title="List of numeral system topics">List of numeral system topics</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix" title="Numeral prefix">Numeral prefix</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Radix" title="Radix">Radix</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Radix_economy" title="Radix economy">Radix economy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_bases" title="Table of bases">Table of bases</a></li></ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_numeral_systems&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1067248974">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFEverson2007" class="citation web cs1">Everson, Michael (2007-07-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07206-n3284-phoenician.pdf">"Proposal to add two numbers for the Phoenician script"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UTC Document Register</i>. L2/07-206 (WG2 N3284): Unicode Consortium.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=UTC+Document+Register&amp;rft.atitle=Proposal+to+add+two+numbers+for+the+Phoenician+script&amp;rft.date=2007-07-25&amp;rft.aulast=Everson&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2007%2F07206-n3284-phoenician.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>:  CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Cajori-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cajori_2-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFCajori1928" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Florian_Cajori" title="Florian Cajori">Cajori, Florian</a> (Sep 1928). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/historyofmathema031756mbp#page/n37/mode/2up"><i>A History Of Mathematical Notations Vol I</i></a>. The Open Court Company. p.&nbsp;18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+Of+Mathematical+Notations+Vol+I&amp;rft.pages=18&amp;rft.pub=The+Open+Court+Company&amp;rft.date=1928-09&amp;rft.aulast=Cajori&amp;rft.aufirst=Florian&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fhistoryofmathema031756mbp%23page%2Fn37%2Fmode%2F2up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFChrisomalis2010" class="citation book cs1">Chrisomalis, Stephen (2010-01-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kXZhBAAAQBAJ&amp;q=ethiopic&amp;pg=PA148"><i>Numerical Notation: A Comparative History</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139485333" title="Special:BookSources/9781139485333"><bdi>9781139485333</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Numerical+Notation%3A+A+Comparative+History&amp;rft.date=2010-01-18&amp;rft.isbn=9781139485333&amp;rft.aulast=Chrisomalis&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkXZhBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dethiopic%26pg%3DPA148&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFChrisomalis2010" class="citation book cs1">Chrisomalis, Stephen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ux--OWgWvBQC&amp;pg=PA200"><i>Numerical Notation: A Comparative History</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p.&nbsp;200. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521878180" title="Special:BookSources/9780521878180"><bdi>9780521878180</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Numerical+Notation%3A+A+Comparative+History&amp;rft.pages=200&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=9780521878180&amp;rft.aulast=Chrisomalis&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dux--OWgWvBQC%26pg%3DPA200&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/burmese.htm">"Burmese/Myanmar script and pronunciation"</a>. <i>Omniglot</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Omniglot&amp;rft.atitle=Burmese%2FMyanmar+script+and+pronunciation&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fwriting%2Fburmese.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the mixed roots of the word "hexadecimal", see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFEpp2010" class="citation cs2">Epp, Susanna (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HUAIAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91"><i>Discrete Mathematics with Applications</i></a> (4th&nbsp;ed.), Cengage Learning, p.&nbsp;91, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781133168669" title="Special:BookSources/9781133168669"><bdi>9781133168669</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Discrete+Mathematics+with+Applications&amp;rft.pages=91&amp;rft.edition=4th&amp;rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=9781133168669&amp;rft.aulast=Epp&amp;rft.aufirst=Susanna&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHUAIAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA91&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.numberbases.com/terms/BaseNames.pdf">http://www.numberbases.com/terms/BaseNames.pdf</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The History of Arithmetic</i>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Charles_Karpinski" title="Louis Charles Karpinski">Louis Charles Karpinski</a>, 200pp, Rand McNally &amp; Company, 1925.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire universelle des chiffres</i>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Ifrah" title="Georges Ifrah">Georges Ifrah</a>, Robert Laffont, 1994.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Universal History of Numbers: From prehistory to the invention of the computer</i>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Ifrah" title="Georges Ifrah">Georges Ifrah</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-39340-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-39340-1">0-471-39340-1</a>, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, 2000. Translated from the French by David Bellos, E.F. Harding, Sophie Wood and Ian Monk</span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFOvermann2020" class="citation journal cs1">Overmann, Karenleigh A (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepolynesiansociety.org/jps/index.php/JPS/article/view/458">"The curious idea that Māori once counted by elevens, and the insights it still holds for cross-cultural numerical research"</a>. <i>Journal of the Polynesian Society</i>. <b>129</b> (1): 59–84. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15286%2Fjps.129.1.59-84">10.15286/jps.129.1.59-84</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Polynesian+Society&amp;rft.atitle=The+curious+idea+that+M%C4%81ori+once+counted+by+elevens%2C+and+the+insights+it+still+holds+for+cross-cultural+numerical+research&amp;rft.volume=129&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=59-84&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15286%2Fjps.129.1.59-84&amp;rft.aulast=Overmann&amp;rft.aufirst=Karenleigh+A&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepolynesiansociety.org%2Fjps%2Findex.php%2FJPS%2Farticle%2Fview%2F458&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-THOMAS-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-THOMAS_12-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1920" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas, N.W (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.com/stable/2840036">"Duodecimal base of numeration"</a>. <i>Man</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 56–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2840036">10.2307/2840036</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/2840036">2840036</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Man&amp;rft.atitle=Duodecimal+base+of+numeration&amp;rft.volume=20&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=56-60&amp;rft.date=1920&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2840036&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2840036%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Thomas&amp;rft.aufirst=N.W&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.com%2Fstable%2F2840036&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpmuseum.org/prog/hp9100pr.htm">HP 9100A/B programming, HP Museum</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6690378.html">Free Patents Online</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFLaycock1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Laycock" title="Donald Laycock">Laycock, Donald</a> (1975). "Observations on Number Systems and Semantics".  In <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wurm" title="Stephen Wurm">Wurm, Stephen</a> (ed.). <i>New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study, I: Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene</i>. Pacific Linguistics C-38. Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. pp.&nbsp;219–233.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Observations+on+Number+Systems+and+Semantics&amp;rft.btitle=New+Guinea+Area+Languages+and+Language+Study%2C+I%3A+Papuan+Languages+and+the+New+Guinea+Linguistic+Scene&amp;rft.series=Pacific+Linguistics+C-38&amp;rft.pages=219-233&amp;rft.pub=Canberra%3A+Research+School+of+Pacific+Studies%2C+Australian+National+University&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.aulast=Laycock&amp;rft.aufirst=Donald&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcode.fr/base-26-cipher">"Base 26 Cipher (Number ⬌ Words) - Online Decoder, Encoder"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base+26+Cipher+%28Number+%E2%AC%8C+Words%29+-+Online+Decoder%2C+Encoder&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcode.fr%2Fbase-26-cipher&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFLaycock1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Laycock" title="Donald Laycock">Laycock, Donald</a> (1975). "Observations on Number Systems and Semantics".  In <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wurm" title="Stephen Wurm">Wurm, Stephen</a> (ed.). <i>New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study, I: Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene</i>. Pacific Linguistics C-38. Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. pp.&nbsp;219–233.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Observations+on+Number+Systems+and+Semantics&amp;rft.btitle=New+Guinea+Area+Languages+and+Language+Study%2C+I%3A+Papuan+Languages+and+the+New+Guinea+Linguistic+Scene&amp;rft.series=Pacific+Linguistics+C-38&amp;rft.pages=219-233&amp;rft.pub=Canberra%3A+Research+School+of+Pacific+Studies%2C+Australian+National+University&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.aulast=Laycock&amp;rft.aufirst=Donald&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFSaxeMoylan1982" class="citation journal cs1">Saxe, Geoffrey B.; Moylan, Thomas (1982). "The development of measurement operations among the Oksapmin of Papua New Guinea". <i>Child Development</i>. <b>53</b> (5): 1242–1248. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8624.1982.tb04161.x">10.1111/j.1467-8624.1982.tb04161.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/1129012">1129012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Child+Development&amp;rft.atitle=The+development+of+measurement+operations+among+the+Oksapmin+of+Papua+New+Guinea&amp;rft.volume=53&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.pages=1242-1248&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8624.1982.tb04161.x&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1129012%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Saxe&amp;rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+B.&amp;rft.au=Moylan%2C+Thomas&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFGrannisOverhageMcDonald2002" class="citation cs2">Grannis, Shaun J.; Overhage, J. Marc; McDonald, Clement J. (2002), "Analysis of identifier performance using a deterministic linkage algorithm", <i>Proceedings. AMIA Symposium</i>: 305–309, <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&nbsp;<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2244404">2244404</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12463836">12463836</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings.+AMIA+Symposium&amp;rft.atitle=Analysis+of+identifier+performance+using+a+deterministic+linkage+algorithm&amp;rft.pages=305-309&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2244404%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12463836&amp;rft.aulast=Grannis&amp;rft.aufirst=Shaun+J.&amp;rft.au=Overhage%2C+J.+Marc&amp;rft.au=McDonald%2C+Clement+J.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFStephens1996" class="citation cs2">Stephens, Kenneth Rod (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/visualbasicalgor00step/page/215"><i>Visual Basic Algorithms: A Developer's Sourcebook of Ready-to-run Code</i></a>, Wiley, p.&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/visualbasicalgor00step/page/215">215</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780471134183" title="Special:BookSources/9780471134183"><bdi>9780471134183</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Visual+Basic+Algorithms%3A+A+Developer%27s+Sourcebook+of+Ready-to-run+Code&amp;rft.pages=215&amp;rft.pub=Wiley&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.isbn=9780471134183&amp;rft.aulast=Stephens&amp;rft.aufirst=Kenneth+Rod&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvisualbasicalgor00step%2Fpage%2F215&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFSallows1993" class="citation cs2">Sallows, Lee (1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/wordways/vol26/iss2/2/">"Base 27: the key to a new gematria"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Word_Ways" title="Word Ways">Word Ways</a></i>, <b>26</b> (2): 67–77</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Word+Ways&amp;rft.atitle=Base+27%3A+the+key+to+a+new+gematria&amp;rft.volume=26&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=67-77&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.aulast=Sallows&amp;rft.aufirst=Lee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.butler.edu%2Fwordways%2Fvol26%2Fiss2%2F2%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/atomaka/base52">"Base52"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base52&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fatomaka%2Fbase52&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gist.github.com/csnover/1110664">"Base56"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base56&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgist.github.com%2Fcsnover%2F1110664&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/wyattisimo/base57-ruby">"Base57"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base57&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fwyattisimo%2Fbase57-ruby&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/skorokithakis/shortuuid">"Base57"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base57&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fskorokithakis%2Fshortuuid&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-base58-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-base58_26-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200812103015/https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-msporny-base58-01.txt">"The Base58 Encoding Scheme"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">Internet Engineering Task Force</a></i>. November 27, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-msporny-base58">the original</a> on August 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2020</span>. <q>Thanks to Satoshi Nakamoto for inventing the Base58 encoding format</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Internet+Engineering+Task+Force&amp;rft.atitle=The+Base58+Encoding+Scheme&amp;rft.date=2019-11-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fid%2Fdraft-msporny-base58&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tantek.pbworks.com/w/page/19402946/NewBase60">"NewBase60"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NewBase60&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftantek.pbworks.com%2Fw%2Fpage%2F19402946%2FNewBase60&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/thenoviceoof/base92">"Base92"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base92&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fthenoviceoof%2Fbase92&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kiwigis.blogspot.com/2013/09/base-93-integer-shortening-in-c.html">"Base93"</a>. 26 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base93&amp;rft.date=2013-09-26&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkiwigis.blogspot.com%2F2013%2F09%2Fbase-93-integer-shortening-in-c.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gist.github.com/4054241">"Base94"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Base94&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgist.github.com%2F4054241&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icerealm.org/FTR/?s=docs&amp;p=base95">"base95 Numeric System"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=base95+Numeric+System&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icerealm.org%2FFTR%2F%3Fs%3Ddocs%26p%3Dbase95&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFNasar2001" class="citation book cs1">Nasar, Sylvia (2001). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beautifulmindli00nasa"><i>A Beautiful Mind</i></a></span>. Simon and Schuster. pp.&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beautifulmindli00nasa/page/333">333</a>–6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-2457-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-2457-4"><bdi>0-7432-2457-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Beautiful+Mind&amp;rft.pages=333-6&amp;rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=0-7432-2457-4&amp;rft.aulast=Nasar&amp;rft.aufirst=Sylvia&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeautifulmindli00nasa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFWard2008" class="citation cs2">Ward, Rachel (2008), "On Robustness Properties of Beta Encoders and Golden Ratio Encoders", <i><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Transactions_on_Information_Theory" title="IEEE Transactions on Information Theory">IEEE Transactions on Information Theory</a></i>, <b>54</b> (9): 4324–4334, <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/0806.1083">0806.1083</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008arXiv0806.1083W">2008arXiv0806.1083W</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FTIT.2008.928235">10.1109/TIT.2008.928235</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:12926540">12926540</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Information+Theory&amp;rft.atitle=On+Robustness+Properties+of+Beta+Encoders+and+Golden+Ratio+Encoders&amp;rft.volume=54&amp;rft.issue=9&amp;rft.pages=4324-4334&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0806.1083&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A12926540%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FTIT.2008.928235&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008arXiv0806.1083W&amp;rft.aulast=Ward&amp;rft.aufirst=Rachel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chrisomalis calls the Babylonian system "the first positional system ever" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"><cite id="CITEREFChrisomalis2010" class="citation cs2">Chrisomalis, Stephen (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kXZhBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254"><i>Numerical Notation: A Comparative History</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, p.&nbsp;254, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139485333" title="Special:BookSources/9781139485333"><bdi>9781139485333</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Numerical+Notation%3A+A+Comparative+History&amp;rft.pages=254&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=9781139485333&amp;rft.aulast=Chrisomalis&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkXZhBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA254&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+numeral+systems" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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